Monday, November 28, 2011

PHOTOSHOP


                                            PHOTOSHOP

BASIC INFORMATION PHOTOSHOP 
    
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The bottom line: Photoshop CS5 greatly expands the toolset that Adobe offers in its flagship product, charting new ways to make image manipulation easier while making older tools work better than before. Don't worry about the lack of a new interface; the new ways to get your project done make this version a must.
Photoshop has been in the English lexicon as a term to edit images for a long time, but the latest version of Adobe's flagship program stretches the canvas of manipulation much further than ever before. The look of the program has changed so little from Photoshop CS4 that users of that version should be instantly comfortable with this major update, but Photoshop Creative Suite 5 Extended gives photographers, artists, designers, and LOLcats obsessives a stunning array of new tools. Among the new features in Adobe's flagship image-editing software are automatic lens corrections, High Dynamic Range toning, automated editing tools, and significant improvements to creating 3D images.

Adobe Photoshop CS5


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Installation and setup
Photoshop installation is straightforward, although it does require an Adobe account. You can choose to purchase a license key immediately, which you will receive by e-mail, or try out the program for 30 days. When you receive your key, you can copy and paste the entire string directly from your e-mail into the first dialog box, and the other boxes will automatically populate. Both Photoshop CS 5 and the Extended come from the same 980MB installer for Windows, or 1.1GB on a Mac.
Depending on your Internet connection, Adobe says that users can expect download times of anywhere from 14 minutes on a corporate LAN to nearly 90 minutes on slower connections. On a Windows 7 computer with 2GB of RAM and a 2GHz processor on a T1, the download took around 40 minutes.
The Adobe installation process doesn't play well with Mozilla programs such as Firefox and Thunderbird, so those must be shut down before the installation can be finished. You can use other programs while installing, but CPU slowdowns are likely on many computers.
Adobe still refuses to have a Windows installation process that's respectful of standard program installation behavior. Associated program icons do not install into an Adobe folder in your Start menu, but are rather unceremoniously dumped into your Start menu's All Programs pane. First-time upgraders should note that Adobe will not override your previous installation of Photoshop, so you'll have to remove it manually. This may be annoying to some, but it's actually reasonable behavior given the cost of the program and the desire of many users to fully explore the trial. It would be nice if Photoshop came with a utility for removing previous versions, instead of having to go through the imperfect Windows uninstallation tool.

Photoshop CS5 Extended (screenshots)

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The installation and uninstallation frustrations aren't deal-breakers, obviously, but a little bit more attention here from Photoshop would result in a smoother process.
Interface
Unlike the dramatic interface overhaul that accompanied its predecessor, there's so little new to the look and feel of Photoshop CS5 that it's barely worth mentioning.
The Workspace switcher has been modified so that you can drag it out of the drop-down menu across the menubar. Doing so can push the menubar itself down to a second level, which might take up too much screen space for some people. Pre-existing workspaces can be deleted, custom ones added, and generally the workspace concept has gotten a bit more user-friendly.
Toolbox icons have been redrawn with a softer touch. This has the unfortunate effect of making them look mushy and out-of-focus against their gray background. At least the iconography is the same, so the spot healing brush tool still looks like a band-aid, but this was not a welcome change.
Despite lacking the aesthetic sensibility of its cousin Lightroom 3 (Windows|Mac), the overall layout of Photoshop remains consistent. It's not easy to use, nor is it hard to get used to the modular layout of adjustable panels. Further optional improvements can be made courtesy Adobe Labs' Configurator, for customizing some parts of the navigation. Although the CS4 interface improvements were appreciated, the UI is essentially mundane and in desperate need of refinement. It's sadly ironic that the premiere image editor looks like a cockpit.
Features and support
The new features in Photoshop CS5 completely sell the program. It's a bit hard to fathom that a program that's been around for 20 years continues to innovate and improve as much as Photoshop has, but this version of Photoshop, officially v12, doesn't just stretch itself here. It expands the limits of editing achievement, simplifying previously complex tasks and introducing new ones. It's not reinventing the wrench as much as it's making it do new things that everybody can immediately understand. This review won't cover all the new features and enhancements since there are more than three dozen feature changes alone, but we'll look at some of the best and most important.
The new Mini Bridge should directly affect every user's workflow. It opens a functional version of Adobe Bridge in a panel, speeding up processing by cutting down how often users have to jump out of the main Photoshop interface. Mini Bridge can be launched from the top of the interface to the right of the menubar, from the MB icon. As with any of Photoshop's panels, the Mini Bridge can be resized and moved around the window as needed.
On first launch, the Mini Bridge took longer than expected to read files before it could be used. After that initial sluggishness, it loaded smoothly, even after rebooting the computer. It was noticeably faster to launch images from either Bridge or Mini Bridge into Photoshop compared with the previous version, but sticking Bridge access directly into Photoshop is a long-overdue innovation.

Automatic Lens Correction automates a task that previously could be completed by hand only. Pictured are identical images before (left) and after the automatic lens correction filter.
(Credit: Screenshot by Seth Rosenblatt/CNET)
Automatic Lens Correction automates a task that previously could be completed by hand only. As CNET has noted elsewhere, Adobe based the tool on close measurements of multiple camera bodies and lenses so that Photoshop can take over the time-consuming effort of removing barrel and pincushion distortion, darkened corners from vignetting, and colored fringe on the edge of images from chromatic aberration.
You can tell that Adobe expects this feature to be a big selling point because it's one of the few new features that comes bound to a hot key. Ctrl+Shift+R will bring up the lens correction panel, also accessible from the Filter menu. You can toggle on or off vignetting, chromatic aberration, and lens distortion correction, which are the three major fixes that the filter looks for; adjust how the filter affects the edge of the image; edit camera and lens profile search criteria; or create custom profiles. The camera profiles seemed to be limited in our testing to more-recent models. For example, the tool lacked profiles for Canon bodies older than the 50D.
High Dynamic Range (HDR) processing debuted back in CS2, but it's been greatly enhanced for this version. A new feature in the Merge to HDR panel called Remove Ghost will tidy up any minor alignment issues between your three HDR source images, and you can select which of the three images to base the final image on. The new HDR toning under Adjustments lets you fake that trendy HDR look without having to merge multiple images. This works fairly decently, but expect best results on images that have tricky lighting situations or are underexposed.
Content Aware Fill improves Photoshop's ability to intelligently replace part of an image with pixels derived from other, nearby colors, noise, and tone. The feature can be used as part of the spot healing brush tool for fine replacements, or lassoed selections to replace large or unusually shaped chunks from an image.
The feature introduces a redone method of resampling from the image. The differences between how the tool performs here versus in CS4 are not readily apparent since the changes in pixelation and accuracy depend too greatly on the situation. Tests with the spot healing brush revealed no differences to its CS4 predecessor, but that doesn't mean its not working. In general, it felt like there was less of a problem with incorrect sampling, but this wasn't really quantifiable, as it still occurred in some cases.
One of the most difficult Photoshop tricks has just gotten strikingly easier thanks to what Adobe calls "intelligent selection." It allows users to define a selected area, and then gently refine using the Refine option under the Select menu to more accurately include challenging selection areas such as fur, clouds, and feathers. It worked extremely well with hair, and slightly less so with the more discernible echidna spikes.
It sounds simple, but the introduction of the Smart Radius and Decontaminate colors functions in intelligent selection provides a stunning breadth of control during image masking. Following the tutorials for this is essential, because learning to do it right can impressively enhance your image control while cutting down on your workflow from CS4.

The new High Dynamic Range Toning under Adjustments lets you fake that trendy HDR look without having to merge multiple images.
(Credit: Screenshot by Seth Rosenblatt/CNET)
Puppet Warp sounds like it could be a filter to Muppetize people in your photo. It's actually a localized warping tool that gives you the ability to accurately recompose selected aspects of an image, such as changing a straight leg to bent. It can't add content where it hasn't existed, so it works best when used on a subject shot in profile, but the tool itself worked well.
Once you've created a selection, choose Puppet Warp from the Edit menu and apply pins where you want to create pivot points in the image. Playing around with them, you can stretch a selected area between two pins. Unlike the complicated intelligent selection, Puppet Warp took seconds to learn. Of all the new tools, this is probably the most fun to use. The tool may not appear to have much practical use, but it can easily lend itself to basic but creative 3D implementation without having to upgrade to Photoshop Extended.
Photoshop is not the best digital painting program around, but the new Mixer Brush and Bristle Tips features give it a much stronger easel to stand on. Briefly, the Mixer Brush lets you add multiple colors to a single brush tip and then blend them to whatever colors already exist on your canvas. Users can define how wet the canvas is, how fast paint gets re-added to the tip, the mix rate between brush and canvas colors, and whether the brush is refilled, cleaned, or both after each paint stroke. Bristle Tips provides similarly fine-tuned control over the brush tip, including shape, length, stiffness, thickness, angle, and spacing.
Although some photographers might swear otherwise, it's not necessary to use a tablet for photo editing. This was not the case with the new painting tools, where a standard mouse did not provide the kind of detailed control required to manipulate the tools properly. Still, by building out the painting options, Adobe's clearly trying to keep Photoshop competitive across all major disciplines.
Enhanced 3D tools remain the clearest difference between regular Photoshop and Photoshop CS5 Extended. If you don't need them, don't get the more expensive version. If you do, though, there are several notable new features. Adobe Repousse streamlines the process for converting 2D artwork into 3D, then provides a bucketload of options for altering the design. There's nothing revolutionary here except a reasonable, solid effort at reducing workflow. It's effective, and it's hard to argue with less than six steps to creating a 3D letterform.
Photoshop Extended users will get an equally quick workflow for adding realistic textures to 3D models. The program comes with a stack of textures, which users can edit and save as their own, as well as create custom textures from scratch and download new ones off the Web. There's also new options for introducing image-based lights for dynamic light sourcing on complex models, shadow capturing, and improved ray tracing. Much like the painting tools, the 3D options are not a full-on replacement for a 3D renderer, but they will do quite admirably for users looking to regularly add 3D pop to their art without having to shell out for a modeling suite.

Adobe Repousse streamlines the process for converting 2D artwork into 3D, then provides a bucket load of options for altering the design.
(Credit: Screenshot by Seth Rosenblatt/CNET)
Other changes include tweaks to everything from the Adobe Camera Raw plug-in to tool menus. Raw processing has earned itself some better tools for reducing noise, and adding vignettes and grain to give stills a more filmlike quality. The Raw tool in general also feels less jittery than its CS4 predecessor, and it now will automatically downsample your 16- or 32-bit raw image down to 8-bit JPEG when you save it. The relatively complicated process of straightening images has been replaced by a Straighten button in the Ruler tool. Throw in the Alt or Option key and you'll straighten without cropping. (Note that to fully undo the straighten, you have to go back through your Actions panel. Ctrl/Cmd+Z won't work.)
When cropping, you can add an overlay grid after you set your crop boundaries. You can now prevent the Sharpen tool from creating artifacts by using the Protect Detail option, copy colors as a hex number, and gain a modicum of collaborative tools via the deeper hooks to Adobe's online CS Review. This crosses over tightly with Illustrator (Windows|Mac), Premiere (Windows|Mac), and InDesign (Windows|Mac).
You can now change the opacity of more than one layer at a time, create layer masks from transparent layers, and use lens correction profiles when stitching using Auto-Align in Layers. Layer settings will also remember your previous settings.
Mac users will see some specific improvements for their computers. A 64-bit Photoshop is no longer a pipe dream, with a 32GB RAM ceiling. The Finder-to-Photoshop workflow finally supports drag-and-drop, and the Cmd+H hot key will ask you whether you want to hide Photoshop or hide Extras the first time you use it. Trackpad gestures can be disabled, too.
There's no doubt that the major features changes create a strong framework for CS5, but its the addition of these detail-oriented fixes that sell the picture of CS5 as an upgrade worth getting.
Photoshop support is available on several levels. There are the free Adobe-sponsored forums, FAQs, and knowledge base articles. Given Photoshop's popularity, these should be sufficient for individual users. However, Adobe also offers per-incident support that can range in cost from $29 to $249. Technical phone support is available Monday through Friday, 5 a.m. To 7 p.m. PST, and customer service phone support is available seven days a week during the same hours.
Though this may seem stingy, Photoshop's complexity is best-suited for users who don't mind learning stuff on their own or from a forum. The Help menu also comes with a direct link to Adobe's Photoshop Support Center, which provides an Adobe AIR-based interface for accessing Adobe's collection of how-tos and community advice.

The new Mini Bridge should directly affect every user's workflow. It opens a functional version of Adobe Bridge in a panel, speeding up processing by cutting down how often users have to jump out of the main Photoshop interface.
(Credit: Screenshot by Seth Rosenblatt/CNET)
Performance
For users who didn't make the jump to CS4, the new version of Photoshop will feel like it's got jet boots on. It opens faster, opens complex raw, PSD, and TIFF images faster, and processes faster. There are still noticeable lags during resource-intensive tasks, but without a doubt it feels like a better-performing version.
As noted above, CS5 is fully compatible with Mac x64, although it won't run on legacy PowerPC computers or any version of OS X older than 10.5.7. Windows XP users should have Service Pack 3, whereas Vista users are recommended to use at least Service Pack 1. Of course, Photoshop is compatible with Windows 7 as well. The minimum requirements for basic Photoshop CS5 and Photoshop CS5 Extended are fairly rigorous, so if you've got an older computer it's recommended that you make sure it's compatible before purchasing.
Benchmarks from CNET Labs will be added to the review when they become available.
Conclusion
Because of its position as the industry standard for professional image-editing and the use of its name as a colloquialism for all kinds of image manipulation, many users mistakenly believe that Photoshop is a must-have program. It's needed for professional work, but contains far too many tools, far too much power, and is far too complicated for casual use. Not convinced? Hopefully the $999 price tag ($349 for upgrades) will scare you off. There are effective alternatives to Photoshop, including Adobe's own Photoshop Elements (Windows|Mac), as well as a multitude of freeware.
That said, some photographers might not want to wait for the upcoming Lightroom 3. For them and others considering upgrading or buying new, there's simply no reason not to get it. The comprehensive range of improvements to Photoshop CS5 Extended makes this version compelling and nearly impossible to ignore.

Read more: Adobe Photoshop Extended - Free software downloads and software reviews - CNET Download.com http://download.cnet.com/Adobe-Photoshop-Extended/3000-2192_4-10011172.html#ixzz1f3yXDzC2


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Monday, November 14, 2011

Microsoft Windows shortcut keys

Shortcut Keys3.x 9xMENT2KXPVista7Description
Alt + TabXXXXXXX XSwitch between open applications.
Alt + Shift + TabXXXXXXX XSwitch backwards between open applications.
Alt + double-click
XXXXXX XDisplay the properties of the object you double-click on. For example, doing this on a file would display its properties.
Ctrl + TabXXXXXXX XSwitches between program groups or document windows in applications that support this feature.
Ctrl + Shift + TabXXXXXXX XSame as above but backwards.
Alt + Print ScreenXXXXXXX XCreate a screen shot only for the program you are currently in.
Ctrl + Print Screen     XXX XCreates a screen shot of the entire screen
Ctrl + Alt + DelXXXXXXX XReboot the computer and brings up the Windows task manager.
Ctrl + Shift + Esc       X XX X Immediately bring up the Windows task manager.
Ctrl + EscXXXXXXX XBring up the Windows Start menu. In Windows 3.x this would bring up the Task Manager.
Alt + Esc
XXXXXX XSwitch Between open applications on taskbar.
F1XXXXXXX XActivates help for current open application.
F2XXXXXXX XRenames selected Icon.
F3
XXXXXX XStarts find from desktop.
F4
XXXXXX XOpens the drive selection when browsing.
F5
XXXXXX XRefresh Contents to where you were on the page.
Ctrl + F5       X XRefreshes page to the beginning of the page.
F10XXXXXXX XActivates menu bar.
Shift + F10
XXXXXX XSimulates right-click on selected item.
F4
XXXXXX XSelect a different location to browse in the Windows Explorer toolbar.
Alt + F4XXXXXXX XCloses Current open program.
Ctrl + F4XXXXXXX XCloses Window in Program.
F6
XXXXXX XMove cursor to different Windows Explorer pane.
Alt + Space barXXXXXXX XDrops down the window control menu.
Ctrl + (the '+' key on the keypad)

XXXXX XAutomatically adjust the widths of all the columns in Windows explorer
Alt + Enter
XXXXXX XOpens properties window of selected icon or program.
Alt + Space bar XXXXXX XOpen the control menu for the current window open.
Shift + Del
XXXXXX XDelete programs/files without throwing them into the recycle bin.
Holding ShiftXXXXXXX XBoot Safe Mode or by pass system files as the computer is booting.
Holding Shift
XXXXXX XWhen putting in an audio CD, will prevent CD Player from playing.
EnterXXXXXXX XActivates the highlighted program.
Alt + Down arrow
XXXXXX XDisplay all available options on drop down menu.
* (on the keypad)
XXXXXX XExpands all folders on the currently selected folder or drive in Windows Explorer.
+ (on the keypad)
XXXXXX XExpands only the currently selected folder in Windows Explorer.
- (on the keypad)
XXXXXX XCollapses the currently selected folder in Windows Explorer.
Windows key keyboard shortcuts
Below is a listing of Windows keys that can be used on computers running a Microsoft Windows operating system and using a keyboard with a Windows key. In the below list of shortcuts, the Windows key is represented by "WINKEY".
Shortcut KeysDescription
WINKEYPressing the Windows key alone will open Start.
WINKEY + F1Opens the Microsoft Windows help and support center.
WINKEY + F3Opens the Advanced find window in Microsoft Outlook.
WINKEY + D Brings the desktop to the top of all other windows.
WINKEY + MMinimizes all windows.
WINKEY + SHIFT + MUndo the minimize done by WINKEY + M and WINKEY + D.
WINKEY + EOpen Microsoft Explorer.
WINKEY + TabCycle through open programs through the taskbar.
WINKEY + FDisplay the Windows Search / Find feature.
WINKEY + CTRL + F Display the search for computers window.
WINKEY + ROpen the run window.
WINKEY + Pause / Break key Open the system properties window.
WINKEY + UOpen Utility Manager.
WINKEY + LLock the computer and switch users if needed (Windows XP and above only).
WINKEY + PQuickly change between monitor display types. (Windows 7 only)
WINKEY + LEFT ARROWShrinks the window to 1/2 screen on the left side for side by side viewing. (Windows 7 only)
WINKEY + RIGHT ARROWShrinks the window to 1/2 screen on the right side for side by side viewing. (Windows 7 only)
WINKEY + UP ARROWWhen in the side by side viewing mode, this shortcut takes the screen back to full size. (Windows 7 only)
WINKEY + DOWN ARROWMinimizes the screen.  Also, when in the side by side viewing mode, this shortcut takes the screen back to a minimized size. (Windows 7 only)

Excel shortcut keys

1. Navigating in Worksheets and Selecting Cells
ShortcutDescription
ctrl+shift++ Insert a new row or column (after the current row is selected with shift+space, or column is selected with ctrl+space
arrow left, arrow right, arrow up, arrow down Move one cell up, down, left, or right in a worksheet.
ctrl + arrow keys Moves to the edge of the current data region
shift + arrow keys Extends the selection of cells by one cell.
ctrl+shift+arrow keys Extends the selection of cells to the last nonblank cell in the same column or row as the active cell, or if the next cell is blank, extends the selection to the next nonblank cell
backspace Deletes one character to the left in the Formula Bar. Also clears the content of the active cell. In cell editing mode, it deletes the character to the left of the insertion point
delete Removes the cell contents (data and formulas) from selected cells without affecting cell formats or comments. In cell editing mode, it deletes the character to the right of the insertion point.
end Moves to the cell in the lower-right corner of the window when SCROLL LOCK is turned on. Also selects the last command on the menu when a menu or submenu is visible.
ctrl+end Moves to the last cell on a worksheet, in the lowest used row of the rightmost used column. If the cursor is in the formula bar, CTRL+END moves the cursor to the end of the text
ctrl+shift+end in worksheet Extends the selection of cells to the last used cell on the worksheet (lower-right corner).
ctrl+shift+end in formula bar Selects all text in the formula bar from the cursor position to the end—this does not affect the height of the formula bar.
enter Completes a cell entry and selects the cell below
shift+enter Completes a cell entry and selects the cell above.
ctrl+enter Completes a cell entry and stays in the same cell
alt+enter Starts a new line in the same cell
esc Cancels an entry in the cell or Formula Bar. Closes an open menu or submenu, dialog box, or message window. It also closes full screen mode when this mode has been applied, and returns to normal screen mode to display the Ribbon and status bar again.
home Moves to the beginning of a row in a worksheet. Moves to the cell in the upper-left corner of the window when scroll lock is turned on. Selects the first command on the menu when a menu or submenu is visible.
ctrl+home Moves to the beginning of a worksheet.
ctrl+shift+home Extends the selection of cells to the beginning of the worksheet
page down Moves one screen down in a worksheet.
alt+page down Moves one screen to the right in a worksheet.
ctrl+page down Moves to the next sheet in a workbook.
ctrl+shift+page down Selects the current and next sheet in a workbook
page up Moves one screen up in a worksheet.
alt+page up Moves one screen to the left in a worksheet.
ctrl+page up Moves to the previous sheet in a workbook.
ctrl+shift+page up Selects the current and previous sheet in a workbook
spacebar In a dialog box, performs the action for the selected button, or selects or clears a check box.
ctrl+spacebar Selects an entire column in a worksheet.
shift+spacebar Selects an entire row in a worksheet.
ctrl+shift+spacebar Selects the entire worksheet.
tab Moves one cell to the right in a worksheet. Moves between unlocked cells in a protected worksheet. Moves to the next option or option group in a dialog box.
shift+tab Moves to the previous cell in a worksheet or the previous option in a dialog box.
ctrl+tab Switches to the next tab in dialog box
ctrl+shift+tab Switches to the previous tab in a dialog box.

2. Format Cells
ShortcutDescription
ctrl+1 Format cells dialog.
ctrl+b (or ctrl+2) Apply or remove bold formatting.
ctrl+i (or ctrl+3) Apply or remove italic formatting.
ctrl+u (or ctrl+4) Apply or remove an underline.
ctrl+5 Apply or remove strikethrough formatting.
ctrl+shift+& Apply the outline border.
ctrl+shift+_ (underscore) Remove outline borders.
ctrl+shift+f Display the Format Cells with Fonts Tab active. Press tab 3x to get to font-size. Used to be ctrl+shift+p, but that seems just get to the Font Tab in 2010.
alt+' (apostrophe / single quote) Display the Style dialog box.

3. Function keys in Excel 2007
ShortcutDescription
f1 Displays the Microsoft Office Excel Help task pane.
ctrl+f1 Displays or hides the Ribbon, a component of the Microsoft Office Fluent user interface.
alt+f1 Creates a chart of the data in the current range.
alt+shift+f1 Inserts a new worksheet.
f2 Edits the active cell and positions the insertion point at the end of the cell contents. It also moves the insertion point into the Formula Bar when editing in a cell is turned off.
shift+f2 Adds or edits a cell comment.
ctrl+f2 Displays the Print Preview window.
f3 Displays the Paste Name dialog box.
ctrl+f3 Display the Name Manager, create new names.
shift+f3 Displays the Insert Function dialog box.
f4 Repeats the last command or action, if possible.
ctrl+f4 Closes the selected workbook window.
f5 Displays the Go To dialog box.
ctrl+f5 Restores the window size of the selected workbook window.
f6 Switches between the worksheet, Ribbon, task pane, and Zoom controls. In a worksheet that has been split (View menu, Manage This Window, Freeze Panes, Split Window command), F6 includes the split panes when switching between panes and the Ribbon area.
shift+f6 Switches between the worksheet, Zoom controls, task pane, and Ribbon.
ctrl+f6 Switches to the next workbook window when more than one workbook window is open.
f7 Displays the Spelling dialog box to check spelling in the active worksheet or selected range.
ctrl+f7 Performs the Move command on the workbook window when it is not maximized. Use the arrow keys to move the window, and when finished press ENTER, or ESC to cancel.
f8 Turns extend mode on or off. In extend mode, Extended Selection appears in the status line, and the arrow keys extend the selection.
shift+f8 Enables you to add a nonadjacent cell or range to a selection of cells by using the arrow keys.
ctrl+f8 Performs the Size command (on the Control menu for the workbook window) when a workbook is not maximized.
alt+f8 Displays the Macro dialog box to create, run, edit, or delete a macro.
f9 Calculates all worksheets in all open workbooks.
shift+f9 Calculates the active worksheet.
ctrl+alt+f9 calculates all worksheets in all open workbooks, regardless of whether they have changed since the last calculation.
ctrl+alt+shift+f9 Rechecks dependent formulas, and then calculates all cells in all open workbooks, including cells not marked as needing to be calculated.
ctrl+f9 Minimizes a workbook window to an icon.
f10 Turns key tips on or off.
shift+f10 Displays the shortcut menu for a selected item.
alt+shift+f10 Displays the menu or message for a smart tag. If more than one smart tag is present, it switches to the next smart tag and displays its menu or message.
ctrl+f10 Maximizes or restores the selected workbook window.
f11 Creates a chart of the data in the current range.
shift+f11 Inserts a new worksheet.
alt+f11 Opens the Microsoft Visual Basic Editor, in which you can create a macro by using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).
f12 Displays the Save As dialog box.

4. CTRL Combinations in Excel 2007
ShortcutDescription
ctrl+shift+( Unhides any hidden rows within the selection.
ctrl+shift+) Unhides any hidden columns within the selection.
ctrl+shift+& Applies the outline border to the selected cells.
ctrl+shift+_ Removes the outline border from the selected cells.
ctrl+shift+~ Applies the General number format.
ctrl+shift+$ Applies the Currency format with two decimal places (negative numbers in parentheses).
ctrl+shift+% Applies the Percentage format with no decimal places.
ctrl+shift+^ Applies the Exponential number format with two decimal places.
ctrl+shift+# Applies the Date format with the day, month, and year.
ctrl+shift+@ Applies the Time format with the hour and minute, and AM or PM.
ctrl+shift+! Applies the Number format with two decimal places, thousands separator, and minus sign (-) for negative values.
ctrl+shift+* Selects the current region around the active cell (the data area enclosed by blank rows and blank columns). In a PivotTable, it selects the entire PivotTable report.
ctrl+shift+: Enters the current time.
ctrl+shift+" Copies the value from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the Formula Bar.
ctrl+shift++ Displays the Insert dialog box to insert blank cells.
ctrl+- Displays the Delete dialog box to delete the selected cells.
ctrl+; Enters the current date.
ctrl+` Alternates between displaying cell values and displaying formulas in the worksheet.
ctrl+' Copies a formula from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the Formula Bar.
ctrl+1 Displays the Format Cells dialog box.
ctrl+2 Applies or removes bold formatting.
ctrl+3 Applies or removes italic formatting.
ctrl+4 Applies or removes underlining.
ctrl+5 Applies or removes strikethrough.
ctrl+6 Alternates between hiding objects, displaying objects, and displaying placeholders for objects.
ctrl+8 Displays or hides the outline symbols.
ctrl+9 Hides the selected rows.
ctrl+0 Hides the selected columns.
ctrl+a Selects the entire worksheet. If the worksheet contains data, CTRL+A selects the current region. Pressing CTRL+A a second time selects the current region and its summary rows. Pressing CTRL+A a third time selects the entire worksheet.
ctrl+shift+a Inserts the argument names and parentheses when the insertion point is to the right of a function name in a formula.
ctrl+b Applies or removes bold formatting.
ctrl+c Copies the selected cells.
ctrl+c Followed by another CTRL+C displays the Clipboard.
ctrl+d Uses the Fill Down command to copy the contents and format of the topmost cell of a selected range into the cells below.
ctrl+f Displays the Find and Replace dialog box, with the Find tab selected.
ctrl+shift+f Opens the Format Cells dialog box with the Font tab selected.
ctrl+g Displays the Go To dialog box.
ctrl+h Displays the Find and Replace dialog box, with the Replace tab selected.
ctrl+i Applies or removes italic formatting.
ctrl+k Displays the Insert Hyperlink dialog box for new hyperlinks or the Edit Hyperlink dialog box for selected existing hyperlinks.
ctrl+n Creates a new, blank workbook.
ctrl+o Displays the Open dialog box to open or find a file.
ctrl+shift+o Selects all cells that contain comments.
ctrl+p Displays the Print dialog box.
ctrl+shift+p Opens the Format Cells dialog box with the Font tab selected.
ctrl+r Uses the Fill Right command to copy the contents and format of the leftmost cell of a selected range into the cells to the right.
ctrl+s Saves the active file with its current file name, location, and file format.
ctrl+t Displays the Create Table dialog box.
ctrl+u Applies or removes underlining.
ctrl+shift+u Switches between expanding and collapsing of the formula bar.
ctrl+v Inserts the contents of the Clipboard at the insertion point and replaces any selection. Available only after you have cut or copied an object, text, or cell contents.
ctrl+alt+v Displays the Paste Special dialog box. Available only after you have cut or copied an object, text, or cell contents on a worksheet or in another program.
ctrl+w Closes the selected workbook window.
ctrl+x Cuts the selected cells.
ctrl+y Repeats the last command or action, if possible.
ctrl+z Uses the Undo command to reverse the last command or to delete the last entry that you typed.
ctrl+shift+z Uses the Undo or Redo command to reverse or restore the last automatic correction when AutoCorrect Smart Tags are displayed.

5. Smart-Art Graphics: Work with shapes
ShortcutDescription
tab Select the next element in a SmartArt graphic.
shift+tab Select the previous element in a SmartArt graphic.
ctrl+a Select all shapes.
esc Remove focus from the selected shape.
arrow up Nudge the selected shape up.
arrow down Nudge the selected shape down.
arrow left Nudge the selected shape left.
arrow right Nudge the selected shape right.
enter or f2 Edit text in the selected shape.
delete or backspace Delete the selected shape.
ctrl+x or shift+delete Cut the selected shape.
ctrl+c Copy the selected shape.
ctrl+v Paste the contents of the Clipboard.
ctrl+z Undo the last action.
shift+arrow right Enlarge the selected shape horizontally. Add ctrl for moving pixel-by-pixel.
shift+arrow left Reduce the selected shape horizontally. Add ctrl for moving pixel-by-pixel.
shift+arrow up Enlarge the selected shape vertically. Add ctrl for moving pixel-by-pixel.
shift+arrow down Reduce the selected shape vertically. Add ctrl for moving pixel-by-pixel.
alt+arrow right Rotate the selected shape to the right. Add ctrl for moving pixel-by-pixel.
alt+arrow left Rotate the selected shape to the left. Add ctrl for moving pixel-by-pixel.

6. Smart-Art Graphics : Work with Text
ShortcutDescription
arrow left Move one character to the left.
arrow right Move one character to the right.
arrow up Move up one line.
arrow down Move down one line.
ctrl+arrow left Move one word to the left.
ctrl+arrow right Move one word to the right.
ctrl+arrow up Move one paragraph up.
ctrl+arrow down Move one paragraph down.
end Move to the end of a line.
home Move to the beginning of a line.
ctrl+end Move to the end of a text box.
ctrl+home Move to the beginning of a text box.
ctrl+x Cut selected text.
ctrl+c Copy selected text.
ctrl+v Paste selected text.
ctrl+z Undo the last action.
backspace Delete one character to the left.
ctrl+backspace Delete one word to the left.
delete Delete one character to the right.
ctrl+delete Delete one word to the right.
alt+shift+arrow right Promote the selected text.
alt+shift+arrow left Demote the selected text.

7. Microsoft Clip Organizer main
ShortcutDescription
ctrl+arrow left or ctrl+arrow right Move forward or backward one word in the Search text box.
alt+c Displays the Collection List task pane.
alt+s Displays the Search task pane.
alt+h Open Help.
arrow keys Move left and right, up and down, among collections or clips.
shift+arrow keys Select additional clips after one clip has been selected.
ctrl+a Select all clips on the current page.
ctrl+c Copy (select a clip and move it to the clipboard).
ctrl+v Paste (paste from the clipboard to Clip Organizer).
delete Delete selected clip or category.
home Move to the beginning of a row and select the first item.
end Move to the end of a row and select the last item.
shift+f10 Display a shortcut menu for a collection, clip, or link (same as right click).
esc Exit a dialog box.
tab and shift+tab Shift focus forward and backward between different areas of a dialog box.
alt+spacebar Open the shortcut menu of a dialog box.
 
8. Work with the Excel Ribbon
ShortcutDescription
alt or f10 Select the active tab of the Ribbon and activate the access keys. . Press either of these keys again to move back to the document and cancel the access keys.
alt or f10 to select the active tab, and then arrow left or arrow right Move to another tab of the Ribbon.
ctrl+f1 Minimize or restore the Ribbon.
shift+f10 Display the shortcut menu for the selected command.
f6 Move the focus to select either Active tab of the Ribbon, View Status bar at bottom of the window or document
alt or f10, and then tab or shift+tab Move the focus to each command in the Ribbon, forward or backward.
arrow down, arrow up, arrow left, or arrow right Move down, up, left, or right among the items in the Ribbon.
spacebar or enter Activate the selected command or control in the Ribbon.
spacebar or enter Open the selected menu or gallery in the Ribbon.
enter Activate a command or control in the Ribbon so you can modify a value.
enter Finish modifying a value in a control in the Ribbon, and move focus back to the document.
f1 Get help on the selected command or control in the Ribbon. (If no Help topic is associated with the selected command, the Help table of contents for that program is shown instead.)

Excel shortcut keys

Key Description
CTRL+PgUp Switches between worksheet tabs, from left-to-right.
CTRL+PgDn Switches between worksheet tabs, from right-to-left.
CTRL+SHIFT+( Unhides any hidden rows within the selection.
CTRL+SHIFT+) Unhides any hidden columns within the selection.
CTRL+SHIFT+& Applies the outline border to the selected cells.
CTRL+SHIFT_ Removes the outline border from the selected cells.
CTRL+SHIFT+~ Applies the General number format.
CTRL+SHIFT+$ Applies the Currency format with two decimal places (negative numbers in parentheses).
CTRL+SHIFT+% Applies the Percentage format with no decimal places.
CTRL+SHIFT+^ Applies the Exponential number format with two decimal places.
CTRL+SHIFT+# Applies the Date format with the day, month, and year.
CTRL+SHIFT+@ Applies the Time format with the hour and minute, and AM or PM.
CTRL+SHIFT+! Applies the Number format with two decimal places, thousands separator, and minus sign (-) for negative values.
CTRL+SHIFT+* Selects the current region around the active cell (the data area enclosed by blank rows and blank columns).
In a PivotTable, it selects the entire PivotTable report.
CTRL+SHIFT+: Enters the current time.
CTRL+SHIFT+" Copies the value from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the Formula Bar.
CTRL+SHIFT+Plus (+) Displays the Insert dialog box to insert blank cells.
CTRL+Minus (-) Displays the Delete dialog box to delete the selected cells.
CTRL+; Enters the current date.
CTRL+` Alternates between displaying cell values and displaying formulas in the worksheet.
CTRL+' Copies a formula from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the Formula Bar.
CTRL+1 Displays the Format Cells dialog box.
CTRL+2 Applies or removes bold formatting.
CTRL+3 Applies or removes italic formatting.
CTRL+4 Applies or removes underlining.
CTRL+5 Applies or removes strikethrough.
CTRL+6 Alternates between hiding objects, displaying objects, and displaying placeholders for objects.


CTRL+8 Displays or hides the outline symbols.
CTRL+9 Hides the selected rows.
CTRL+0 Hides the selected columns.
CTRL+A Selects the entire worksheet.
If the worksheet contains data, CTRL+A selects the current region. Pressing CTRL+A a second time selects the current region and its summary rows. Pressing CTRL+A a third time selects the entire worksheet.
When the insertion point is to the right of a function name in a formula, displays the Function Arguments dialog box.
CTRL+SHIFT+A inserts the argument names and parentheses when the insertion point is to the right of a function name in a formula.
CTRL+B Applies or removes bold formatting.
CTRL+C Copies the selected cells.
CTRL+C followed by another CTRL+C displays the Clipboard.
CTRL+D Uses the Fill Down command to copy the contents and format of the topmost cell of a selected range into the cells below.
CTRL+F Displays the Find and Replace dialog box, with the Find tab selected.
SHIFT+F5 also displays this tab, while SHIFT+F4 repeats the last Find action.
CTRL+SHIFT+F opens the Format Cells dialog box with the Font tab selected.
CTRL+G Displays the Go To dialog box.
F5 also displays this dialog box.
CTRL+H Displays the Find and Replace dialog box, with the Replace tab selected.
CTRL+I Applies or removes italic formatting.
CTRL+K Displays the Insert Hyperlink dialog box for new hyperlinks or the Edit Hyperlink dialog box for selected existing hyperlinks.
CTRL+N Creates a new, blank workbook.
CTRL+O Displays the Open dialog box to open or find a file.
CTRL+SHIFT+O selects all cells that contain comments.
CTRL+P Displays the Print dialog box.
CTRL+SHIFT+P opens the Format Cells dialog box with the Font tab selected.
CTRL+R Uses the Fill Right command to copy the contents and format of the leftmost cell of a selected range into the cells to the right.
CTRL+S Saves the active file with its current file name, location, and file format.
CTRL+T Displays the Create Table dialog box.
CTRL+U Applies or removes underlining.
CTRL+SHIFT+U switches between expanding and collapsing of the formula bar.
CTRL+V Inserts the contents of the Clipboard at the insertion point and replaces any selection. Available only after you have cut or copied an object, text, or cell contents.
CTRL+ALT+V displays the Paste Special dialog box. Available only after you have cut or copied an object, text, or cell contents on a worksheet or in another program.
CTRL+W Closes the selected workbook window.
CTRL+X Cuts the selected cells.
CTRL+Y Repeats the last command or action, if possible.
CTRL+Z Uses the Undo command to reverse the last command or to delete the last entry that you typed.
CTRL+SHIFT+Z uses the Undo or Redo command to reverse or restore the last automatic correction when AutoCorrect Smart Tags are displayed.

Function keys

Key                        Description
F1 Displays the Microsoft Office Excel Help task pane.
CTRL+F1 displays or hides the Ribbon, a component of the Microsoft Office Fluent user interface.
ALT+F1 creates a chart of the data in the current range.
ALT+SHIFT+F1 inserts a new worksheet.
F2 Edits the active cell and positions the insertion point at the end of the cell contents. It also moves the insertion point into the Formula Bar when editing in a cell is turned off.
SHIFT+F2 adds or edits a cell comment.
CTRL+F2 displays the Print Preview window.
F3 Displays the Paste Name dialog box.
SHIFT+F3 displays the Insert Function dialog box.
F4 Repeats the last command or action, if possible.
When a cell reference or range is selected in a formula, F4 cycles through the various combinations of absolute and relative references.
CTRL+F4 closes the selected workbook window.
F5 Displays the Go To dialog box.
CTRL+F5 restores the window size of the selected workbook window.
F6 Switches between the worksheet, Ribbon, task pane, and Zoom controls. In a worksheet that has been split (View menu, Manage This Window, Freeze Panes, Split Window command), F6 includes the split panes when switching between panes and the Ribbon area.
SHIFT+F6 switches between the worksheet, Zoom controls, task pane, and Ribbon.
CTRL+F6 switches to the next workbook window when more than one workbook window is open.
F7 Displays the Spelling dialog box to check spelling in the active worksheet or selected range.
CTRL+F7 performs the Move command on the workbook window when it is not maximized. Use the arrow keys to move the window, and when finished press ENTER, or ESC to cancel.
F8 Turns extend mode on or off. In extend mode, Extended Selection appears in the status line, and the arrow keys extend the selection.
SHIFT+F8 enables you to add a nonadjacent cell or range to a selection of cells by using the arrow keys.
CTRL+F8 performs the Size command (on the Control menu for the workbook window) when a workbook is not maximized.
ALT+F8 displays the Macro dialog box to create, run, edit, or delete a macro.
F9 Calculates all worksheets in all open workbooks.
SHIFT+F9 calculates the active worksheet.
CTRL+ALT+F9 calculates all worksheets in all open workbooks, regardless of whether they have changed since the last calculation.
CTRL+ALT+SHIFT+F9 rechecks dependent formulas, and then calculates all cells in all open workbooks, including cells not marked as needing to be calculated.
CTRL+F9 minimizes a workbook window to an icon.
F10 Turns key tips on or off.
SHIFT+F10 displays the shortcut menu for a selected item.
ALT+SHIFT+F10 displays the menu or message for a smart tag. If more than one smart tag is present, it switches to the next smart tag and displays its menu or message.
CTRL+F10 maximizes or restores the selected workbook window.
F11 Creates a chart of the data in the current range.
SHIFT+F11 inserts a new worksheet.
ALT+F11 opens the Microsoft Visual Basic Editor, in which you can create a macro by using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).
F12 Displays the Save As dialog box.

Other useful shortcut keys

Key Description
ARROW KEYS Move one cell up, down, left, or right in a worksheet.
CTRL+ARROW KEY moves to the edge of the current data region (data region: A range of cells that contains data and that is bounded by empty cells or datasheet borders.) in a worksheet.
SHIFT+ARROW KEY extends the selection of cells by one cell.
CTRL+SHIFT+ARROW KEY extends the selection of cells to the last nonblank cell in the same column or row as the active cell, or if the next cell is blank, extends the selection to the next nonblank cell.
LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW selects the tab to the left or right when the Ribbon is selected. When a submenu is open or selected, these arrow keys switch between the main menu and the submenu. When a Ribbon tab is selected, these keys navigate the tab buttons.
DOWN ARROW or UP ARROW selects the next or previous command when a menu or submenu is open. When a Ribbon tab is selected, these keys navigate up or down the tab group.
In a dialog box, arrow keys move between options in an open drop-down list, or between options in a group of options.
DOWN ARROW or ALT+DOWN ARROW opens a selected drop-down list.
BACKSPACE Deletes one character to the left in the Formula Bar.
Also clears the content of the active cell.
In cell editing mode, it deletes the character to the left of the insertion point.
DELETE Removes the cell contents (data and formulas) from selected cells without affecting cell formats or comments.
In cell editing mode, it deletes the character to the right of the insertion point.
END Moves to the cell in the lower-right corner of the window when SCROLL LOCK is turned on.
Also selects the last command on the menu when a menu or submenu is visible.
CTRL+END moves to the last cell on a worksheet, in the lowest used row of the rightmost used column. If the cursor is in the formula bar, CTRL+END moves the cursor to the end of the text.
CTRL+SHIFT+END extends the selection of cells to the last used cell on the worksheet (lower-right corner). If the cursor is in the formula bar, CTRL+SHIFT+END selects all text in the formula bar from the cursor position to the end—this does not affect the height of the formula bar.
ENTER Completes a cell entry from the cell or the Formula Bar, and selects the cell below (by default).
In a data form, it moves to the first field in the next record.
Opens a selected menu (press F10 to activate the menu bar) or performs the action for a selected command.
In a dialog box, it performs the action for the default command button in the dialog box (the button with the bold outline, often the OK button).
ALT+ENTER starts a new line in the same cell.
CTRL+ENTER fills the selected cell range with the current entry.
SHIFT+ENTER completes a cell entry and selects the cell above.
ESC Cancels an entry in the cell or Formula Bar.
Closes an open menu or submenu, dialog box, or message window.
It also closes full screen mode when this mode has been applied, and returns to normal screen mode to display the Ribbon and status bar again.
HOME Moves to the beginning of a row in a worksheet.
Moves to the cell in the upper-left corner of the window when SCROLL LOCK is turned on.
Selects the first command on the menu when a menu or submenu is visible.
CTRL+HOME moves to the beginning of a worksheet.
CTRL+SHIFT+HOME extends the selection of cells to the beginning of the worksheet.
PAGE DOWN Moves one screen down in a worksheet.
ALT+PAGE DOWN moves one screen to the right in a worksheet.
CTRL+PAGE DOWN moves to the next sheet in a workbook.
CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE DOWN selects the current and next sheet in a workbook.
PAGE UP Moves one screen up in a worksheet.
ALT+PAGE UP moves one screen to the left in a worksheet.
CTRL+PAGE UP moves to the previous sheet in a workbook.
CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE UP selects the current and previous sheet in a workbook.
SPACEBAR In a dialog box, performs the action for the selected button, or selects or clears a check box.
CTRL+SPACEBAR selects an entire column in a worksheet.
SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects an entire row in a worksheet.
CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects the entire worksheet.
  • If the worksheet contains data, CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects the current region. Pressing CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR a second time selects the current region and its summary rows. Pressing CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR a third time selects the entire worksheet.
  • When an object is selected, CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR selects all objects on a worksheet.
ALT+SPACEBAR displays the Control menu for the Microsoft Office Excel window.
TAB Moves one cell to the right in a worksheet.
Moves between unlocked cells in a protected worksheet.
Moves to the next option or option group in a dialog box.
SHIFT+TAB moves to the previous cell in a worksheet or the previous option in a dialog box.
CTRL+TAB switches to the next tab in dialog box.
CTRL+SHIFT+TAB switches to the previous tab in a dialog box.